Types of Casting And manufacturing process

Types of  Casting  And manufacturing process

    Precision CNC machining parts Casting is a manufacturing process in which molten metal is poured or injected and allowed to solidify in a suitably  shaped mold cavity. During or after  cooling, the cast part is removed from the mold and then processed for delivery.

    Casting processes and cast-material technologies vary from simple to highly complex. Material and process selection  depends on the part’s complexity and function, the product’s quality specifications, and the projected cost  level.

     Castings are parts that are made close to their final dimensions by a casting process. With a history dating back 6,000  years, the various casting processes are  in a state of continuous refinement and evolution as technological advances are being made.

A:Sand Casting  

    Sand casting is used to make large parts (typically iron, but also bronze, brass, aluminum). Molten metal is poured into a mold cavity formed out of sand (natural or synthetic).

    The processes of sand casting are discussed in this section, including patterns, sprues and runners, design considerations, and casting allowance.

    The cavity in the sand is formed by using a pattern (an approximate duplicate of the real part), which are typically made out of wood, sometimes metal. The cavity is contained in an aggregate housed in a box called the flask.

    Core is a sand shape inserted into the mold to produce the internal features of the part such as holes or internal passages. Cores are placed in the cavity to form holes of the desired shapes. Core print is the region added to the pattern, core, or mold that is used to locate and support the core within the mold.

  Precision CNC machining parts  A riser is an extra void created in the mold to contain excessive molten material. The purpose of this is to feed the molten metal to the mold cavity as the molten metal solidifies and shrinks, and thereby  prevents voids in the main casting.

    In a two-part mold, which is typical of sand  castings, the upper half, including the top half of the pattern, flask, and core is called cope and  the lower half is called drag,  The parting line or the parting surface is line or surface that separates the cope and drag.

    The drag is first filled partially with sand, and the core  print, the cores, and the gating system are  placed near the parting line. The cope is then assembled to the drag, and the sand is poured on the cope half, covering the pattern, core and the gating system.

    The sand is compacted by vibration and mechanical means. Next, the cope is removed from the drag, and the pattern is carefully removed. The object is to remove the pattern without breaking the mold cavity.

    This is facilitated by designing a draft, a slight angular offset from the vertical to the vertical surfaces of the pattern. This is usually a minimum of 1.5mm(0.060in.), whichever is greater. The rougher the surface of the pattern, the more the draft to be provided.

    The molten material is poured into the pouring cup, which is part of the gating system that supplies the molten material to the mold cavity.

    Precision CNC machining partsThe vertical part of the gating system connected to the pouring cup is the sprue, and the horizontal portion is called the runners and finally to the multiple points where it is introduced to the mold cavity called the gates. 

    

    

    

The chemical stability

The chemical stability

Precision metal parts The chemical stability becomes an important performance performance dividing line compared to the resistance to wear the factor, the speed and the temperature is decided in is processed the modular cast iron the crystal grain structure and the performance. But usually thick coating of TiCN and TiC or only ductile iron oxides in the soil coating is applied to, because the today majority of this kinds are processed the material the cutting speed in each minute 150 to 335 meters between. Is higher than each minute 300 meter applications regarding the speed, the people to this kind of material are satisfied.

Precision metal parts In order to cause this scope performance to be most superior, the mountain high researched and developed and has promoted in view of modular cast iron processing material quality TX150. This kind of material quality has hard also the anti- distortion substrate, is very ideal regarding the processing modular cast iron. Its coating the oxide compound coating which hollowly wears by thick very wear-resisting carbon titanium nitrides and a thin anti- crescent moon, the top is thin layer TiN. This kind of coating which needs the center warm chemistry gas phase deposition using the state of the art production resistance to wear and the anti- crescent moon hollow attrition which the CVD coating complete degree of hardness moreover the tough smoothness increases (MTCVD) the craft. Substrate/The coating combination performance gives the very high anti- plastic deformation and the cutting edge micro collapses the ability, causes it to become under the normal speed to process the modular cast iron the ideal material quality.

Precision metal parts The coating ceramics also display can effectively process the modular cast iron. In the past, the aluminum oxide ceramics application which not the coating tough good such as nitriding silicon and the silicon carbide textile fiber strengthened the work piece material chemistry paralysis limit. Today but could resist the scrap distortion process through the use to have the high thermal coating cutting tool life already remarkably to increase. But certain early this domains work piece processing use aluminum oxides spread the layer crystals to have to strengthen the ceramics, today most research concentrate in the TiN coating nitriding silicon. This kind of coating can remarkably open up the tough good ceramics the application scope. 

The basic requirements for clamping device

The basic requirements for clamping device

   Precision CNC machining parts Without damaging the work piece positioning accuracy and quality assurance process under the premise of clamping devices should be enabled to:   

  1. The size of the appropriate clamping force. It is necessary to ensure that the work piece in the whole process of its stable position vibration small but also so that the work piece does not produce excessive clamping deformation.   

  2. Technology is good. Precision CNC machining parts The complexity of the clamping device should be suited to the production of the Program to ensure production efficiency its structure should be kept simple easy to manufacture and maintenance. 

    3. Good use. The operation of clamping device should be convenient safe and labor-saving.

 Third the basic Clamp

   The original force into a clamping force through the clamping body to achieve.Among the many institutions in the clamping wedge oblique spiral and by their eccentric combination of the most common application of clamping.  

  (A) Wedge Clamp   

  Wedge used as components or transmission of the clamping device clamping body known as the Wedge Clamp.    

  Precision CNC machining parts Wedge clamping directly the oblique wedge of the self-locking conditions are:Wedge angle smaller than the work piece Wedge Wedge and folders between the concrete and the friction angle.

  Namely: a f1+f2  

   In order to ensure a reliable self-locking manual clamping generally take a =6 °~ 8 °. Using pneumatic or hydraulic device drivers do not need the self-locking oblique wedge it is desirable to a =15 ° ~35 °. 

    Wedge clamp is simple in structure than by large self-locking features such as performance it is widely available.

On the application of precision milling technology in the processing center

On the application of precision milling technology in the processing center

Precision CNC machining parts  machinery manufacturing industry plays a very important position in the national economy as a whole, including metal cutting, basic and reliable precision machining means during the process of NC programming, tool selection and cutting the amount of very important, it is not only a huge effect on the quality of the parts to be processed, and can even determine the machine the efficacy of play and production safety is carried out smoothly in the preparation of the processing procedures, tool and cutting, the preparation of high-quality processing program premise.

Precision CNC machining parts  Machinery manufacturing industry plays a very important position in the national economy as a whole, precision metal cutting, basic and reliable means of processing, mechanical, electrical, electronic and other modern industrial sector plays an important role. Tools design, manufacture and use since ancient times is highly valued, here we are talking about tools, not only refers to the machine tool for machining, we are more concerned with the cutting tool. tool to promote the development of metal cutting technology. an extremely active and very critical factor, it can be said machining technology development, innovation, history is the history of tool development.

Precision CNC machining parts  introduced in 2008, the Little Giant company produced two milling machining center, but has not been able to truly part and universal CNC turning and milling machining center milling functions. Tool selection, machining path planning, cutting the amount of set programmers just set the parameters, you can automatically generate the NC program and transferred to the CNC machine tools to complete the processing, CNC machining, tool selection and cutting to determine the state of human-computer interaction, which is common machining stark contrast, it also requires the programmer must master the basic principles of tool selection and cutting to fully consider the characteristics of CNC machining, programming, study and master the CNC milling machining center, milling functions for complex shape, and accuracy require high precision machining of rotary part, to upgrade my unit of CNC precision machining capabilities, with a very important practical significance.

      

The new concept of cutting processing

The new concept of cutting processing

The nowadays cutting tool company cannot only be again the manufacture and the sales cutting tool, in order to succeed, Precision CNC machining parts  they must be consistent with the globalization manufacture tendency maintenance, through enhances the efficiency, cooperates with the customer reduces the cost. Approaches the instantaneous global competition after this after NAFTA, the WTO time, the world company is making quickly to the same feeling, is lighter, a cheaper response. In other words, they make the product and the components contain can in high speed under revolve, as a result of the cost pressure, best, is lighter moreover must make cheaply. Obtains these goals a best way is through develops and applies the new material, but these is new and the improvement material usually all with difficulty processes. In in this kind of commercial power and the technical difficulty combination is especially prominent in the automobile and the aviation industry, and has become has the experience the cutting tool company to research and develop the department the most important driving influence.

For example, takes the modular cast iron to say that, it has become the engine part and other automobiles, the agriculture the material which see day by day with the equipment and in the machine tool industry components. Precision CNC machining parts This kind of alloy provides the low production cost and the good machine capability combination. They are cheaper than the steel products, but has a higher intensity and toughness compared to the cast iron. But at the same time the modular cast iron is extremely wear-resisting, has fast breaks by rubbing the cutting tool material the tendency. In this wear resistant very great degree bead luminous body content influence. Some known modular cast iron bead luminous body content higher, its resistance to wear better, moreover its machinability is worse. Moreover, the modular cast iron porosity causes off and on to cut, this even more reduces the life.

May estimate that, PrecisionCNC machining parts the high degree of hardness and the high wear-resisting cutting material quality must consider the modular cast iron the high resistance to wear. And the material quality contains extremely hard TiC in fact (carbonized titanium) or TiCN (carbon titanium nitrides) thick coating when cutting speed each minute 300 meters processes the modular cast iron to prove usually is effective. But along with cutting speed increase, scrap/The cutting tool junction

 plane temperature also is increasing. When has such situation, the TiC coating favors in has the chemical reaction with the iron and softens, more pressures function in anti- crescent moon hollow attrition coating. Under these conditions, hoped has one chemical stability better coating, like Al2O3 (although under low speed was inferior to TiC hard or is wear-resisting).

  

The widespread application of advanced manufacturing technology

The widespread application of advanced manufacturing technology,  

Precision CNC machining parts Advanced manufacturing technology is relatively conventional manufacturing techniques in the application scope of a major difference is that traditional manufacturing techniques are usually only refers to a variety of raw materials into finished products processing technology, and advanced manufacturing technology, although still a large number of application processing and assembly processes, However, because of its composition including the design technology, automation 

technology, systems management technology, which will be applied to its consolidated the whole process of manufacturing, covering product design, production preparation, processing and assembly, sale use, maintenance services and even the recycling of the the whole process. 

  The dynamic characteristics of advanced manufacturing technol

 Precision CNC machining parts  As advanced manufacturing technology itself is the target for a certain application, absorbing a variety of high-tech gradually formed, the continuous development of new technologies, and therefore its meaning is not absolute and immutable. Is reflected in the different periods, advanced manufacturing technology has its own characteristics; also reflected in the different countries and regions, advanced manufacturing technology has its own focus on the development objectives and content, by focusing on the development of content in order to achieve the national  and regional manufacturing technology by leaps and bounds. 

  The integration of advanced manufacturing technology    

Precision CNC machining parts Traditional manufacturing technology, professional single independent and distinct boundaries between them; advanced manufacturing technology, professional and interdisciplinary due to the continuous infiltration, cross, integration, boundaries gradually fade or even disappear, technology tends to systematic, integrated, has developed into a set of machinery, electronics, information, materials and management techniques for the integration of a new cross-disciplinary. So you can call it a "manufacturing engineering."

   

The Numerical Control Engine Bed Transforms

The Numerical Control Engine Bed Transforms

 Numerical control system development summary brief history and tendency

 In 1946 the first electronic accounting machine was born in the world, this indicated the humanity created has been possible to strengthen and partially to replace the mental labor the tool. Cnc machining It with the humanity these which in the agriculture, the industry society created only is strengthens the physical labor the tool to compare, got up the quantitive leap, entered the information society for the humanity to lay the foundation. 

  After 6 years, in 1952, computer technology applied to the engine bed , the first numerical control engine bed were born in US. From this time on, the traditional engine bed has had the archery target change. Since nearly half century, the numerical control system has experienced two stages and six generation of development.

 Numerical control (NC) stage (1952 ~ 1970) 

  The early computer operating speed is low, was not big to then science computation and the data processing influence, but could not adapt the engine bed real-time control request. The people can not but use numeral logic circuit "to build" to become an engine bed special purpose computer to take the numerical control system, Cnc machiningis called the hardware connection numerical control (HARD-WIRED NC), Jian Chengwei numerical control (NC). Along with the primary device development, this stage has had been through repeatedly three generations, namely 1952 first generation of -- electron tube; 1959 second generation of -- transistor; 1965 third generation -- small scale integration electric circuit.

 Computer numerical control (CNC) stage (in 1970 ~ present) 

 In 1970, the general minicomputer already appeared and the mass production. Thereupon transplants it takes the numerical control system the core part, from this time on entered the computer numerical control (CNC) the stage ("which should have computer in front of the general" two characters to abbreviate). In 1971, American INTEL Corporation in the world first time the computer two most cores part -- logic units and the controller, used the large scale integrated circuit technology integration on together the chip, called it the microprocessor (MICROPROCESSOR), also might be called the central processing element (to be called CPU)

 The microprocessor is applied to 1974 in the numerical control system. This is because minicomputer function too strong, controlled an engine bed ability to have wealthily (therefore once uses in controlling the multi- Taiwan engine bed at that time, called it group control), was inferior to used the microprocessor economy to be reasonable. Moreover then small machine reliability was not ideal. The early microprocessor speed and the function although insufficiently are also high, but may solve through the multi-processor structure. Because the microprocessor is the general-purpose calculator core part, therefore still was called the computer numerical control

 In 1990, PC machine (personal computer, domestic custom had called microcomputer) the performance has developed to the very high stage,Cnc machining may satisfiedly take the numerical control system core part the request. The numerical control system henceforth entered based on the PC stage.  In brief, the computer numerical control stage has also experienced three generations. Namely 1970 fourth generation of -- minicomputer; 1974 five dynasties -- microprocessor and 1990 sixth generation -- (overseas was called PC-BASED) based on PC.

   Also must point out, although overseas already renamed as the computer numerical control (namely CNC).  

  Also must point out, although overseas already renamed as the computer numerical control (namely CNC), but our country still the custom called the numerical control (NC). Therefore we daily say "numerical control", the materially already was refers to "computer numerical control".