China's mold industry
Due
to historical reasons for the formation of closed, "big and complete"
enterprise features, most enterprises in China are equipped with mold workshop,
in factory matching status since the late 70s have a mold the concept of industrialization
and specialization of production.
Production efficiency is not high, poor economic returns.
Mold production industry is small Precision stamping parts and scattered,
cross-industry, capital-intensive, professional, commercial and technical
management level are relatively low
According to incomplete statistics, there are
now specialized in manufacturing mold, the product supporting mold factory
workshop (factory) near 17 000, about 600 000 employees, annual output value
reached 20 billion yuan mold. However,
the existing capacity of the mold and die industry can only meet the demand of
60%, still can not meet the needs of national economic development. At present, the domestic needs of large,
sophisticated, complex and long life of the mold also rely mainly on imports. According to customs statistics, in 1997 630
million U.S. dollars worth of imports mold, not including the import of mold
together with the equipment; in 1997 only 78 million U.S. dollars export mold. At present the technological level of China
Die & Mould Industry and manufacturing capacity, China's national economy
in the weak links and bottlenecks constraining sustainable economic development
Research on the Structure of industrial
products mold
In accordance with the division of China Mould Industry Association,
China mold is divided into 10 basic categories, which, stamping die and plastic
molding two categories accounted for the main part. Calculated by output, present, China accounts
for about 50% die stamping, plastic molding die about 20%, Wire Drawing Die
(Tool) about 10% of the Precision stamping parts world's advanced
industrial countries and regions, the proportion of plastic forming die die
general of the total output value 40%
Most
of our stamping die mold for the simple, single-process mode and meet the molds,
precision die, precision multi-position progressive die is also one of the few,
die less than 100 million times the average life of the mold reached 100
million times the maximum life of more than accuracy 3 ~ 5um, more than 50
progressive station, and the international life of the die 600 million times
the highest average life of the die 50 million times compared to the mid 80s at
the international advanced level.
China's plastic molding mold design,
production technology started relatively late, the overall level of low. Currently a single cavity, a simple mold
cavity 70%, and still dominant. A sophisticated multi-cavity mold plastic
injection mold, plastic injection mold has been able to multi-color preliminary
design and manufacturing.
Mould is about 80 million times the average
life span is about, the main difference is the large deformation of mold
components, excess burr side of a large, poor surface quality, erosion and
corrosion serious mold cavity,Precision stamping parts the mold cavity exhaust poor and vulnerable such as,
injection mold 5um accuracy has reached below the highest life expectancy has
exceeded 20 million times, the number has more than 100 chamber cavity,
reaching the mid 80s to early 90s the international advanced level.
mold
Present Status of Technology
Technical level of China's mold industry
currently uneven, with wide disparities.
Generally speaking, with the developed industrial countries, Hong Kong
and Taiwan advanced level, there is a large gap.
The use of CAD / CAM / CAE / CAPP and other technical design and
manufacture molds, both wide application, or technical level, there is a big
gap between both. In the application of
CAD technology design molds, only about 10% of the mold used in the design of
CAD, aside from drawing board still has a long way to go; in the application of
CAE design and analysis of mold calculation, it was just started, most of the
game is still in trial stages and animation; in the application of CAM
technology manufacturing molds, first, the lack of advanced manufacturing
equipment, and second, the existing process equipment (including the last 10
years
the
introduction of advanced equipment) or computer standard (IBM PC and
compatibles, HP workstations, etc.) different, or because of differences in
bytes, processing speed differences, differences in resistance to
electromagnetic interference, networking is low, only about 5% of the mold
manufacturing equipment of recent work in this task; in the application process
planning CAPP technology, basically a blank state, based on the need for a lot
of standardization work; in the mold common technology, such as mold rapid
prototyping technology, polishing, electroforming technologies, surface
treatment technology aspects of CAD / CAM technology in China has just started. Computer-aided technology, software
development, is still at low level, the accumulation of knowledge and
experience required.
Most of our mold
factory, mold processing equipment shop old, long in the length of civilian
service, accuracy, low efficiency, still use the ordinary forging, turning,
milling, planing, drilling, grinding and processing equipment, mold, heat
treatment is still in use salt bath, box-type furnace, operating with the
experience of workers, poorly equipped, high energy consumption. Renewal of equipment is slow, technological
innovation, technological progress is not much intensity. Although in recent years introduced many
advanced mold processing equipment, but are too scattered, or not complete,
only about 25% utilization, equipment, some of the advanced functions are not
given full play.
Lack of technology of high-quality mold design, manufacturing technology
and skilled workers, especially the lack of knowledge and breadth, knowledge
structure, high levels of compound talents.
China's mold industry and technical personnel, only 8% of employees 12%,
and the technical personnel and skilled workers and lower the overall skill
level. Before 1980, practitioners of
technical personnel and skilled workers, the aging of knowledge, knowledge
structure can not meet the current needs; and staff employed after 80 years,
expertise, experience lack of hands-on ability, not ease, do not want to learn
technology. In recent years, the brain
drain caused by personnel not only decrease the quantity and quality levels,
and personnel structure of the emergence of new faults, lean, make mold design,
manufacturing difficult to raise the technical level.
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